A Christmas Gift from Santa Claus
For Students Preparing for UGC NET Folk Literature. Jan 3, 2026 | Code 71
Syllabus of UGC NET Folk Literature (Paper 2)
Unit-wise MCQs
UNIT 7: PUBLIC FOLKLORE AND MASS MEDIA
Q1. Public folklore primarily refers to
(A) Private family traditions
(B) Academic folklore theory
(C) Folklore presented in public settings
(D) Classical literature
Correct Answer: (C)
Q2. Public folklore emerged prominently in
(A) 18th century
(B) 19th century
(C) Mid-20th century
(D) Medieval period
Correct Answer: (C)
Q3. Public folklore is closely associated with
(A) Archival isolation
(B) Community engagement
(C) Textual canon
(D) Structural analysis
Correct Answer: (B)
Q4. The main aim of public folklore is to
(A) Preserve folklore in archives
(B) Present folklore for public understanding
(C) Eliminate variation
(D) Canonize folk texts
Correct Answer: (B)
Q5. Public folklorists often work in
(A) Universities only
(B) Museums and cultural institutions
(C) Literary academies only
(D) Religious institutions
Correct Answer: (B)
Q6. One major challenge in public folklore is
(A) Lack of theory
(B) Ethical representation
(C) Excessive performance
(D) Too much documentation
Correct Answer: (B)
Q7. Public folklore differs from academic folklore because it emphasizes
(A) Theory building
(B) Public presentation and application
(C) Structural analysis
(D) Historical origins
Correct Answer: (B)
Q8. Applied folklore focuses on
(A) Pure research
(B) Practical use of folklore knowledge
(C) Canon formation
(D) Textual criticism
Correct Answer: (B)
Q9. Public folklore often involves
(A) Performer invisibility
(B) Collaboration with communities
(C) Textual editing only
(D) Archive construction
Correct Answer: (B)
Q10. Ethical practice in public folklore requires
(A) Scholarly authority
(B) Community consent
(C) Textual purity
(D) Commercial success
Correct Answer: (B)
Q11. Representation in public folklore raises questions of
(A) Grammar
(B) Power and voice
(C) Genre
(D) Diffusion
Correct Answer: (B)
Q12. Museums present folklore primarily through
(A) Textual analysis
(B) Exhibitions and performances
(C) Literary criticism
(D) Archival catalogues
Correct Answer: (B)
Q13. Folklore festivals function mainly as
(A) Academic conferences
(B) Sites of public performance
(C) Private rituals
(D) Written documentation
Correct Answer: (B)
Q14. Folklore festivals often involve
(A) Fixed texts
(B) Live performance
(C) Silent observation
(D) Individual authorship
Correct Answer: (B)
Q15. Cultural tourism relates to folklore by
(A) Eliminating tradition
(B) Commercializing cultural practices
(C) Rejecting performance
(D) Promoting canonization
Correct Answer: (B)
Q16. A major concern of folklore and tourism is
(A) Linguistic accuracy
(B) Commodification of culture
(C) Structural analysis
(D) Ritual purity
Correct Answer: (B)
Q17. Commodification of folklore refers to
(A) Cultural preservation
(B) Turning tradition into market products
(C) Community control
(D) Ethical practice
Correct Answer: (B)
Q18. Folklore in tourism may lead to
(A) Cultural continuity only
(B) Cultural distortion or simplification
(C) Textual accuracy
(D) Ritual authenticity
Correct Answer: (B)
Q19. Public folklore seeks to balance
(A) Entertainment and education
(B) Theory and history
(C) Text and archive
(D) Origin and diffusion
Correct Answer: (A)
Q20. Folklore in public spaces often requires
(A) Recontextualization
(B) Textual fixation
(C) Historical ranking
(D) Genre purity
Correct Answer: (A)
Q21. Media folklore refers to
(A) Folklore of the past only
(B) Folklore represented through mass media
(C) Classical literature in media
(D) Academic discourse
Correct Answer: (B)
Q22. Mass media includes
(A) Oral transmission only
(B) Print, radio, television, and digital platforms
(C) Ritual performance only
(D) Face-to-face interaction
Correct Answer: (B)
Q23. Folklore in mass media often undergoes
(A) Fixity
(B) Transformation and adaptation
(C) Ritualization
(D) Canonization
Correct Answer: (B)
Q24. Media representations of folklore can
(A) Preserve only
(B) Simplify or stereotype
(C) Eliminate folklore
(D) Fix meaning permanently
Correct Answer: (B)
Q25. Popular culture differs from folklore because popular culture is
(A) Community-based
(B) Mass-produced
(C) Oral
(D) Anonymous
Correct Answer: (B)
Q26. Folklore in films often appears as
(A) Exact ethnography
(B) Stylized representation
(C) Textual documentation
(D) Ritual instruction
Correct Answer: (B)
Q27. Television programs using folklore often aim at
(A) Scholarly analysis
(B) Entertainment and awareness
(C) Structural explanation
(D) Ritual accuracy
Correct Answer: (B)
Q28. Folk motifs in advertising are used mainly to
(A) Educate communities
(B) Create cultural appeal
(C) Preserve tradition
(D) Maintain authenticity
Correct Answer: (B)
Q29. Media folklore raises ethical concerns about
(A) Authorship
(B) Ownership and misrepresentation
(C) Grammar
(D) Genre
Correct Answer: (B)
Q30. Copyright issues in folklore arise because folklore is
(A) Written
(B) Communally owned
(C) Individually authored
(D) Canonical
Correct Answer: (B)
Q31. Intellectual property debates in folklore involve
(A) Ritual performance
(B) Community rights
(C) Textual analysis
(D) Diffusion theory
Correct Answer: (B)
Q32. Digital media has influenced folklore by
(A) Ending oral tradition
(B) Creating new forms of transmission
(C) Fixing texts permanently
(D) Eliminating variation
Correct Answer: (B)
Q33. Internet folklore includes
(A) Myths only
(B) Memes and digital narratives
(C) Classical texts
(D) Ritual chants
Correct Answer: (B)
Q34. Memes are considered folklore because they
(A) Are written
(B) Are repeatedly shared and modified
(C) Are copyrighted
(D) Are institutional
Correct Answer: (B)
Q35. Digital folklore spreads primarily through
(A) Face-to-face interaction
(B) Online networks
(C) Archives
(D) Printed books
Correct Answer: (B)
Q36. The study of internet folklore emphasizes
(A) Fixity
(B) Rapid circulation and variation
(C) Ritual purity
(D) Historical origin
Correct Answer: (B)
Q37. Folklore and social media interact by
(A) Eliminating tradition
(B) Creating participatory culture
(C) Reducing creativity
(D) Enforcing canon
Correct Answer: (B)
Q38. Urban folklore refers to
(A) Rural traditions
(B) Folklore in modern urban settings
(C) Classical culture
(D) Tribal rituals
Correct Answer: (B)
Q39. Urban legends are characterized by
(A) Sacred belief
(B) Contemporary settings and plausibility
(C) Ritual use
(D) Historical certainty
Correct Answer: (B)
Q40. Urban legends function socially to
(A) Entertain only
(B) Express modern anxieties
(C) Preserve history
(D) Teach ritual law
Correct Answer: (B)
Q41. Public folklore projects often involve
(A) One-way presentation
(B) Community collaboration
(C) Textual editing only
(D) Archival secrecy
Correct Answer: (B)
Q42. Folklore archives in public institutions aim to
(A) Fix texts
(B) Provide access and preservation
(C) Eliminate performance
(D) Rank traditions
Correct Answer: (B)
Q43. Public folklore requires sensitivity to
(A) Grammar
(B) Cultural context
(C) Structural order
(D) Diffusion
Correct Answer: (B)
Q44. Heritage festivals often present folklore as
(A) Living practice
(B) Stage performance
(C) Written archive
(D) Historical document only
Correct Answer: (B)
Q45. Staged folklore differs from community folklore because it is
(A) More authentic
(B) Contextually altered
(C) Less meaningful
(D) Written
Correct Answer: (B)
Q46. UNESCO’s interest in folklore relates to
(A) Tangible heritage
(B) Intangible cultural heritage
(C) Literary canon
(D) Structural analysis
Correct Answer: (B)
Q47. Intangible cultural heritage includes
(A) Monuments
(B) Oral traditions and performances
(C) Architecture
(D) Paintings
Correct Answer: (B)
Q48. UNESCO’s safeguarding measures emphasize
(A) Fixity
(B) Community participation
(C) Canonization
(D) Commercialization
Correct Answer: (B)
Q49. Public folklore initiatives must avoid
(A) Education
(B) Cultural appropriation
(C) Community involvement
(D) Performance
Correct Answer: (B)
Q50. Cultural appropriation refers to
(A) Cultural exchange
(B) Use of traditions without consent
(C) Documentation
(D) Preservation
Correct Answer: (B)
Q51. Folklore in mass media may increase
(A) Community invisibility
(B) Cultural awareness
(C) Ritual secrecy
(D) Textual purity
Correct Answer: (B)
Q52. However, mass media may also cause
(A) Increased creativity
(B) Simplification of tradition
(C) Cultural continuity
(D) Community control
Correct Answer: (B)
Q53. Public folklore aims to mediate between
(A) Scholars and texts
(B) Communities and audiences
(C) Archives and theory
(D) History and structure
Correct Answer: (B)
Q54. Applied folklore often addresses issues such as
(A) Structural linguistics
(B) Cultural sustainability
(C) Evolution
(D) Diffusion
Correct Answer: (B)
Q55. Cultural sustainability refers to
(A) Fixing traditions
(B) Maintaining living practices
(C) Archiving texts
(D) Canon formation
Correct Answer: (B)
Q56. Public folklore recognizes communities as
(A) Objects of study
(B) Partners in representation
(C) Passive informants
(D) Data sources
Correct Answer: (B)
Q57. Media folklore challenges the idea that folklore is
(A) Oral only
(B) Rural only
(C) Static
(D) All of the above
Correct Answer: (D)
Q58. Public folklore requires balancing
(A) Accuracy and accessibility
(B) Theory and structure
(C) Origin and diffusion
(D) Text and archive
Correct Answer: (A)
Q59. Media adaptations of folklore often involve
(A) Translation only
(B) Reinterpretation
(C) Fixation
(D) Elimination
Correct Answer: (B)
Q60. Folklore in digital spaces often becomes
(A) Fixed
(B) Viral
(C) Canonical
(D) Ritualized
Correct Answer: (B)
Q61. The participatory nature of digital folklore means
(A) Passive consumption
(B) User-generated content
(C) Institutional control
(D) Textual authority
Correct Answer: (B)
Q62. Public folklore practitioners must consider
(A) Audience diversity
(B) Structural form
(C) Diffusion route
(D) Myth origin
Correct Answer: (A)
Q63. Public folklore often overlaps with
(A) Cultural policy
(B) Structural linguistics
(C) Evolutionary theory
(D) Psychoanalysis
Correct Answer: (A)
Q64. Government cultural departments engage in public folklore through
(A) Theory building
(B) Festivals and exhibitions
(C) Textual editing
(D) Structural analysis
Correct Answer: (B)
Q65. Folklore documentation in public projects should prioritize
(A) Speed
(B) Ethical consent
(C) Canonization
(D) Market value
Correct Answer: (B)
Q66. Public folklore contributes to
(A) Cultural homogenization
(B) Cultural diversity
(C) Textual fixity
(D) Ritual secrecy
Correct Answer: (B)
Q67. Folklore in mass media may alter
(A) Community control
(B) Performance context
(C) Social meaning
(D) All of the above
Correct Answer: (D)
Q68. Public folklore emphasizes folklore as
(A) Object
(B) Process and practice
(C) Artifact only
(D) Text only
Correct Answer: (B)
Q69. Media folklore often blurs the boundary between
(A) Oral and written
(B) Tradition and innovation
(C) Sacred and secular
(D) All of the above
Correct Answer: (D)
Q70. Urban folklore demonstrates that folklore is
(A) Rural only
(B) Modern and adaptive
(C) Declining
(D) Fixed
Correct Answer: (B)
Q71. Public folklore projects often aim to
(A) Preserve elite culture
(B) Empower communities
(C) Eliminate variation
(D) Standardize tradition
Correct Answer: (B)
Q72. Folklore in advertising risks
(A) Cultural invisibility
(B) Trivialization
(C) Preservation
(D) Continuity
Correct Answer: (B)
Q73. Media folklore studies require
(A) Structural analysis only
(B) Media literacy
(C) Diffusion mapping
(D) Evolutionary ranking
Correct Answer: (B)
Q74. Public folklore intersects with education by
(A) Teaching theory only
(B) Promoting cultural awareness
(C) Canonizing texts
(D) Eliminating performance
Correct Answer: (B)
Q75. Folklore programming on radio often relies on
(A) Written scripts
(B) Oral performance
(C) Visual spectacle
(D) Archival silence
Correct Answer: (B)
Q76. Public folklore aims to make folklore
(A) Exclusive
(B) Accessible
(C) Fixed
(D) Canonical
Correct Answer: (B)
Q77. Media folklore highlights folklore as
(A) Static tradition
(B) Living and changing
(C) Degraded culture
(D) Historical residue
Correct Answer: (B)
Q78. Public folklore ethics emphasize
(A) Scholar authority
(B) Respect and reciprocity
(C) Commercial gain
(D) Textual purity
Correct Answer: (B)
Q79. Public folklore differs from folklorism because folklorism often involves
(A) Scholarly engagement
(B) Inauthentic imitation
(C) Community control
(D) Ethical practice
Correct Answer: (B)
Q80. Folklorism refers to
(A) Study of folklore
(B) Use of folklore outside its original context
(C) Performance theory
(D) Ritual practice
Correct Answer: (B)
Q81. Public folklore must address issues of
(A) Ownership
(B) Representation
(C) Access
(D) All of the above
Correct Answer: (D)
Q82. Media folklore often accelerates
(A) Fixity
(B) Circulation
(C) Canon formation
(D) Ritual purity
Correct Answer: (B)
Q83. Folklore in mass media may transform
(A) Meaning
(B) Context
(C) Form
(D) All of the above
Correct Answer: (D)
Q84. Public folklore projects should avoid
(A) Community collaboration
(B) Extractive practices
(C) Ethical consent
(D) Public engagement
Correct Answer: (B)
Q85. Folklore in digital media challenges the idea of
(A) Collective creativity
(B) Individual authorship
(C) Performance
(D) Context
Correct Answer: (B)
Q86. Public folklore contributes to
(A) Cultural memory
(B) Textual canon
(C) Literary hierarchy
(D) Evolutionary ranking
Correct Answer: (A)
Q87. Media folklore requires scholars to engage with
(A) Technology
(B) Community ethics
(C) Representation politics
(D) All of the above
Correct Answer: (D)
Q88. Public folklore emphasizes folklore as
(A) Static artifact
(B) Social practice
(C) Textual residue
(D) Historical survival
Correct Answer: (B)
Q89. Folklore in public contexts often becomes
(A) Private
(B) Negotiated
(C) Fixed
(D) Canonical
Correct Answer: (B)
Q90. Public folklore initiatives should be evaluated based on
(A) Market success
(B) Community benefit
(C) Scholarly recognition
(D) Canon formation
Correct Answer: (B)
Q91. Public folklore differs from popular culture because it
(A) Rejects media
(B) Maintains community roots
(C) Is mass-produced
(D) Is standardized
Correct Answer: (B)
Q92. Folklore in mass media may influence
(A) Cultural identity
(B) Community perception
(C) Tradition practice
(D) All of the above
Correct Answer: (D)
Q93. Public folklore practitioners act as
(A) Cultural brokers
(B) Text editors
(C) Archivists only
(D) Performers only
Correct Answer: (A)
Q94. Cultural brokerage involves
(A) Selling tradition
(B) Mediating between communities and institutions
(C) Fixing texts
(D) Ranking folklore
Correct Answer: (B)
Q95. Public folklore promotes dialogue between
(A) Past and present
(B) Communities and audiences
(C) Tradition and modernity
(D) All of the above
Correct Answer: (D)
Q96. Media folklore challenges the assumption that folklore is
(A) Dynamic
(B) Oral
(C) Social
(D) Cultural
Correct Answer: (B)
Q97. Public folklore emphasizes sustainability through
(A) Fixity
(B) Practice and participation
(C) Canonization
(D) Archiving alone
Correct Answer: (B)
Q98. Folklore in public spaces requires
(A) Structural purity
(B) Ethical sensitivity
(C) Historical ranking
(D) Textual fixity
Correct Answer: (B)
Q99. Public folklore projects succeed when they
(A) Standardize tradition
(B) Respect community agency
(C) Eliminate variation
(D) Focus on spectacle
Correct Answer: (B)
Q100. Unit 7 of the syllabus primarily focuses on
(A) Folklore origins
(B) Public folklore, media, and representation
(C) Structural theories
(D) Fieldwork methods
Correct Answer: (B)